Some observations about the Hebrew word "good" in Aramaic.
טוב (Hebrew) = good
טוב (Aramaic) = to be(come) good.
ṭb (ṭāḇ) adj. good
See also s.v. ṭbh.
1 good, proper, appropriate Com. Fakh.5 : tṣlwth | ṭbh prayer to him [Hadad] is good. BarRak.1.16 : by | ṭb a proper house [i.e., a worthy royal palace]. Sf.3 a3 : mh ṭb bʿyny ʾʿbd lhm I shall do to them whatever seems proper to me. P Ju11:25 : ܡܛܒ ܛܒ ܐܢܬ ܡܢ ܒܠܩ . BT Yev 118b(38) : טב למיתב טן דו מלמיתב ארמלו it is preferable (for a woman) to dwell in matrimony than to dwell in an unmarried state. (a) as a substantive: Com. (a.1) the Good Com. BT Ber 60b(58) : כל מה דעביד רחמנא לטב everything which the Merciful One does is for good. (a.2) good thing Com. SamTgJ Gen24:10 : וכל טב רבה . (a.3) good person Com. OS MtCur5:45 : ܗܘ ܕܡܕܢܚ ܫܡܫܗ ܥܠ ܛ̈ܒܐ ܘܥܠ ܒܝ̈ܫܐ܂ ܘܡܚܬ ܡܛܪܗ ܥܠ ܟܐ̈ܢܐ ܘܥܠ ܥ̈ܘܠܐ the one who makes the sun shine upon good people and on bad people and the rain fall upon the just and the unjust. BT Ber 29a(7) : טבא לא הוי בישא a good person does not become a bad one. (b) bṭb, lṭb : (to be remembered) for good deeds(?) Palmyrene, Nabatean, Hatran, ParthianMidAr. PAT1712:1.1 : dkyr -ʿwydʾ bṭb . Semitica, 47, 1997, p. 87; fig. 6-8.')" onmouseout="toolTip()">BiËr al-Ḥammamat : šlm -ʾwšʾlbʿly br -zydw bṭb . H 303:.1 : dkyr -ymlẏk lṭb . Assour20..2 : dkyr -mṭly ... br -ʾsrd[yn] bṭb . Assour29.k.1 : dkyr -bsry lṭb .
2 precious, valuable, of worth Gal, PTA, Syr. VR 813:1(1) : וטבה היא כלום so is it worth anything?. TN Gen2:12 : ואבניא טבתה ומרגליתא the precious stones and gems. BHNom 257:9 : ܐܢ ܚܕ ܡܢܗܘܢ ܚܕ ܙܘܙܐ ܛܵܒ ܗܘܐ if one of them was worth one zuz. (a) ranking individual : see s.v. ṭb qrtˀ Gal, Syr.
3 (heart, mind) happy, feeling good Syr. Sirach 30:16 : ܘܠܝܬ ܚܕܘܬܐ ܐܝܟ ܠܒܐ ܛܒܐ there is no happiness like a happy heart (or: good mood?).
4 adv.: very, much CPA, Syr, JBA, Man. Lag(374) John8:55 : ܐܠܐ ܡܟܪ ܐܢܐ ܠܗ ܘܡܠܬܿܗ ܐܢܐ ܛܒ ܢܛܪ but I know Him and keep His word very well. Rechts2 56:12 : ܣܓ̈ܝܐܐ ܕܝܢ ܘܛܒ ܣܓܝ̈ܐܝܢ ܗܢܿܘܢ ܐܪ̈ܥܢܝܐ those earthly things, however, are many, very many. P Gn12:14 : ܕܫܦܝܪܐ ܗܝ ܛܒ that she was very beautiful. P Mt4:8 : ܛܘܼܪܵܐ ܕܿܛܵܒܼ ܪܵܡ a very high mountain. BT Git 14b(7) : טב רמו ל׳ strike him very much. GY 197:14 : ham ṭaba lahimlia urgaz ṭaba ḏlargizlẖ he became much hotter than ever and became much more angry than ever. (a) most, maximally Syr. HippAp 5(1) : ܟܪ̈ܣܬܐ ܒܣܬܘܐ ܘܒܬܐܕܐܐ ܛܒ ܚܡܝ̈ܡܢ ܟܝܢܐܝܬ܂ ܘܫܢܬܐ ܛܒ ܐܪܝܟܐ in the winter and spring bowels are most warm and sleep is most long. (b) for kd ṭb, see s.v. kd Syr. (c) ܛܒ ܡܢ : more than, better Com. TgO Gen29:19 : טָב דְאִיתֵין יָתַה לָך מִדְאַתֵין יָתַה לִגבַר אוּחרָן better that I give her to you than I give her to another man. LG 1:5(2) : ܕܢܸܪܚܡܸܗ ܠܲܐܠܵܗܵܐ ܛܵܒ ܡܸܢ ܒܪܸܗ that he love God more than his son. 1Esdras(3 Ezra) 4:35 : ܘܗܘ ܫܪܪܐ ܪܒ ܘܚܝܠܬܢ ܛܒ ܡܢ ܟܠ but the Truth is much greater and stronger than everything. SinnerSatan1 55 : ܕܲܚܛܲܝܢܲܢ ܠܵܟ ܛܵܒ ܡܸܢ ܗܵܝ for we have sinned against You much more than that woman did. (d) ܛܒ ܛܒ : especially Syr. Ps-Clem Hom 10.252:7 : ܘܛܒ ܛܒ ܕܝܢ ܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܡܝܬܪܝܢ and especially then those that are excellent.
I am particularly interested in Jastrow's observation of a title "the Greatest" in Aramaic:
טוב (Hebrew) = good
טוב (Aramaic) = to be(come) good.
ṭb (ṭāḇ) adj. good
See also s.v. ṭbh.
1 good, proper, appropriate Com. Fakh.5 : tṣlwth | ṭbh prayer to him [Hadad] is good. BarRak.1.16 : by | ṭb a proper house [i.e., a worthy royal palace]. Sf.3 a3 : mh ṭb bʿyny ʾʿbd lhm I shall do to them whatever seems proper to me. P Ju11:25 : ܡܛܒ ܛܒ ܐܢܬ ܡܢ ܒܠܩ . BT Yev 118b(38) : טב למיתב טן דו מלמיתב ארמלו it is preferable (for a woman) to dwell in matrimony than to dwell in an unmarried state. (a) as a substantive: Com. (a.1) the Good Com. BT Ber 60b(58) : כל מה דעביד רחמנא לטב everything which the Merciful One does is for good. (a.2) good thing Com. SamTgJ Gen24:10 : וכל טב רבה . (a.3) good person Com. OS MtCur5:45 : ܗܘ ܕܡܕܢܚ ܫܡܫܗ ܥܠ ܛ̈ܒܐ ܘܥܠ ܒܝ̈ܫܐ܂ ܘܡܚܬ ܡܛܪܗ ܥܠ ܟܐ̈ܢܐ ܘܥܠ ܥ̈ܘܠܐ the one who makes the sun shine upon good people and on bad people and the rain fall upon the just and the unjust. BT Ber 29a(7) : טבא לא הוי בישא a good person does not become a bad one. (b) bṭb, lṭb : (to be remembered) for good deeds(?) Palmyrene, Nabatean, Hatran, ParthianMidAr. PAT1712:1.1 : dkyr -ʿwydʾ bṭb . Semitica, 47, 1997, p. 87; fig. 6-8.')" onmouseout="toolTip()">BiËr al-Ḥammamat : šlm -ʾwšʾlbʿly br -zydw bṭb . H 303:.1 : dkyr -ymlẏk lṭb . Assour20..2 : dkyr -mṭly ... br -ʾsrd[yn] bṭb . Assour29.k.1 : dkyr -bsry lṭb .
2 precious, valuable, of worth Gal, PTA, Syr. VR 813:1(1) : וטבה היא כלום so is it worth anything?. TN Gen2:12 : ואבניא טבתה ומרגליתא the precious stones and gems. BHNom 257:9 : ܐܢ ܚܕ ܡܢܗܘܢ ܚܕ ܙܘܙܐ ܛܵܒ ܗܘܐ if one of them was worth one zuz. (a) ranking individual : see s.v. ṭb qrtˀ Gal, Syr.
3 (heart, mind) happy, feeling good Syr. Sirach 30:16 : ܘܠܝܬ ܚܕܘܬܐ ܐܝܟ ܠܒܐ ܛܒܐ there is no happiness like a happy heart (or: good mood?).
4 adv.: very, much CPA, Syr, JBA, Man. Lag(374) John8:55 : ܐܠܐ ܡܟܪ ܐܢܐ ܠܗ ܘܡܠܬܿܗ ܐܢܐ ܛܒ ܢܛܪ but I know Him and keep His word very well. Rechts2 56:12 : ܣܓ̈ܝܐܐ ܕܝܢ ܘܛܒ ܣܓܝ̈ܐܝܢ ܗܢܿܘܢ ܐܪ̈ܥܢܝܐ those earthly things, however, are many, very many. P Gn12:14 : ܕܫܦܝܪܐ ܗܝ ܛܒ that she was very beautiful. P Mt4:8 : ܛܘܼܪܵܐ ܕܿܛܵܒܼ ܪܵܡ a very high mountain. BT Git 14b(7) : טב רמו ל׳ strike him very much. GY 197:14 : ham ṭaba lahimlia urgaz ṭaba ḏlargizlẖ he became much hotter than ever and became much more angry than ever. (a) most, maximally Syr. HippAp 5(1) : ܟܪ̈ܣܬܐ ܒܣܬܘܐ ܘܒܬܐܕܐܐ ܛܒ ܚܡܝ̈ܡܢ ܟܝܢܐܝܬ܂ ܘܫܢܬܐ ܛܒ ܐܪܝܟܐ in the winter and spring bowels are most warm and sleep is most long. (b) for kd ṭb, see s.v. kd Syr. (c) ܛܒ ܡܢ : more than, better Com. TgO Gen29:19 : טָב דְאִיתֵין יָתַה לָך מִדְאַתֵין יָתַה לִגבַר אוּחרָן better that I give her to you than I give her to another man. LG 1:5(2) : ܕܢܸܪܚܡܸܗ ܠܲܐܠܵܗܵܐ ܛܵܒ ܡܸܢ ܒܪܸܗ that he love God more than his son. 1Esdras(3 Ezra) 4:35 : ܘܗܘ ܫܪܪܐ ܪܒ ܘܚܝܠܬܢ ܛܒ ܡܢ ܟܠ but the Truth is much greater and stronger than everything. SinnerSatan1 55 : ܕܲܚܛܲܝܢܲܢ ܠܵܟ ܛܵܒ ܡܸܢ ܗܵܝ for we have sinned against You much more than that woman did. (d) ܛܒ ܛܒ : especially Syr. Ps-Clem Hom 10.252:7 : ܘܛܒ ܛܒ ܕܝܢ ܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܡܝܬܪܝܢ and especially then those that are excellent.
I am particularly interested in Jastrow's observation of a title "the Greatest" in Aramaic:
The passage in Yerushalmi reads:3) best man, elder, officer. Y. Taan. IV, 68ᵈ top טב קרתא an officer of the town.—Pl. טָבִין, טָבַיָּיא, טָבֵי; fem. טָבָתָא, טָבָאתָא, טָבָן. Targ. Mic. VII, 1. Targ. Ps. CXXV, 4; a. fr.—B. Mets. 44ᵇ שלים לה ט׳ וכ׳ pay her in good and full-weight coin. Y. Snh. X, 28ᵇ bot. כל טָבָן וכ׳, v. נֶחֶמְתָּא. Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי (חד מאת׳ 1) טבאתא the good fruits; a. fr. —
This might be the meaning of Chrestos = "the greatest."אמר להן הקדוש ברוך הוא בטובה שעשיתי לכם אמרתם ארץ אוכלת יושביה היא. כל קירייא דהוון עלן בה הוה טב קרתא מיית עד דהוון מיטפלין ביה הוון מיללין קרתא ונפקין לון ובר נש לא ידע בהון.
1.
[Hash-m] said [about] them, with the good that I did for you, you said "Eretz Ocheles Yoshveha Hi''?! Every city that they entered, the greatest of the city died. While they were engaged with him, the city wailed him, and [the Meraglim] left, and no one knew about them.
Statistics: Posted by Secret Alias — Fri Feb 23, 2024 9:41 am