So, there are no doubts: the "abomination of desolation" in Mark 13 is Hadrian.
- Perhaps ...
But it could be that the phrase/term, "abomination of desolation," meant different things to different people-in-the-2nd-century-AD
As Turmel correctly noted in the previous paragraph:
The Jews revolted three times. The first revolt led to the war of Vespasian and Titus.1 The second led to Trajan's war.2 The third led to the war of Hadrian.3 Which of these wars was the occasion of the Apocalypse?
1 the loss of the Temple would have been devasting to many (including to people, say, 90-115 AD)
2 the pogroms across north Africa would have been seen as devasting to many, especially those in Alexandria
3 sure, the ultimate abomination of desolation, especially to those hoping for a rebuilding of the temple and reinstatement of Jerusalem as a or the key centre of Judaism
4 Some may have seen two or three events as cumulative wrt the concept of 'abomination of desolation,' i.e., "abominations of desolation"
I doubt Nero may have been a factor in the period, say, 65 to, say, 140 AD if the reference to him in Annals 15.44 was not, in fact, original (nota bene that Annals 15.44 let alone all of Annals is not attested in early Christian literature), other than by way of reasons other than those in Annals 15.44.
Statistics: Posted by MrMacSon — Wed Jan 15, 2025 12:57 pm