While waiting in hope that someone might deal with the topic, I present the κυριος data from 1 Clement, using Ehrman's Loeb edition of The Apostolic Fathers, vol.1, 2003. It shows to me that the writer(s) didn't use the theonym (the bare form of κυριος) for Jesus Christ. The vocative case κυριε which I mark below as [kurie] indicates when the speaker talks directly to the subject, so the significance of κυριε is always clear from the context. However, all cases of κυριε in 1 Clement are directed at God.
There is one questionable exemplar, at 12:7, which talks about "the blood of the lord", an obvious use of κυριος for Jesus, however there are variations in the manuscripts, for some show "the blood of the lord", while the others have "the blood of Christ", a variation quite explainable if one copyist already equated Jesus with the theonymic for of κυριος and lost concentration here, writing κυριος instead of χριστος. (The following was done by hand, so I was too lazy to transcribe with Greek letters.)
1 Clement
It would seem that, when 1 Clement was written, κυριος was not used as a substitute for the name Jesus Christ, but only as a title. Otherwise it represented the Hebrew god.
There is one questionable exemplar, at 12:7, which talks about "the blood of the lord", an obvious use of κυριος for Jesus, however there are variations in the manuscripts, for some show "the blood of the lord", while the others have "the blood of Christ", a variation quite explainable if one copyist already equated Jesus with the theonymic for of κυριος and lost concentration here, writing κυριος instead of χριστος. (The following was done by hand, so I was too lazy to transcribe with Greek letters.)
1 Clement
| Prologue: Our Lord Jesus Christ 2:8 o kurios The commandments and righteous demands of the Lord were inscribed upon the tablets of your heart (Prov 7:1a-3) 8:2 kurios (GotOT) GotOT = God of the Old Testament 8:4 kurios (GotOT) 8:4 stoma kuriou (GotOT) 12:5 kuriou o qeos (GotOT) 12:7 aimatos tou [kuriou (A H L (C1)) / Xristou (S C)] 13:1 en kuriw (GotOT) 13:1 the Lord Jesus 15:5 kurios (GotOT) 15:6 kurios (GotOT) 16:2 the Lord JC 16:3 [kurie]; kuriou 16:7 kurios (the Lord handed him over for our sins) ! 16:10 kurios 16:12 kurios 16:16 epi kurion (GotOT) 16:17 o kurios ?? 18:15 [kurie] 20:11 tou kuriou hmwn our lord JC 21:2 kuriou (GotOT) 21:6 ton kurion the Lord JC 22:1 kuriou 22:6 kuriou; kuriou 22:7 o kurios (GotOT) 22:8 epi kurion 23:5 o kurios (GotOT) 24:1 the Lord JC 29:2 kuriou (GotOT) (Deut 32:8-9) 29:3 kurios (GotOT) 32:2 the Lord J 33:7 o kurios ?(JC) 34:3 o kurios (Isa 40:10) 34:6 kurios sabawQ 34:8 kurios 39:4 kuriou 42:1 the Lord JC 42:3 our Lord JC 44:1 our Lord JC 46:7 our Lord J 47:7 tw onomati kuriou 48:2 tw kuriw (GotOT)(Ps 118:19-10) 48:3 tou kuriou (GotOT)(Ps 118:19-10) 49:6 JC our Lord 50:6 kurios (GotOT) 50:7 JC our Lord 52:2 tw kuriw (GotOT)(Ps) 53:3 kurios (GotOT) 53:4 [kurie] 53:5 kurios (GotOT) 54:3 tou kuriou (For the earth and all that is in it belongs to the Lord) 55:5 kurios (GotOT) 56:3 o kurios (the Lord disciplined me harshly) 56:4 kurios (the Lord disciplines the one he loves) 56:6 o kurios (the one whom the Lord sets straight) 57:5 tou kuriou (the reverential awe of the Lord) 58:2 the lord JC 59:3 [kurie] 60:1 [kurie] 61:1,2 [kurie] 64:1 o Qeos, despoths twn pneumati, kurios pasin sarkos (God, master of spirits, Lord of all flesh) 64:1 the lord JC 65:2 our lord JC |
It would seem that, when 1 Clement was written, κυριος was not used as a substitute for the name Jesus Christ, but only as a title. Otherwise it represented the Hebrew god.
Statistics: Posted by spin — Mon Dec 30, 2024 5:25 am